He had plans to expand into the Balkans and acquire Albania as a territory. Despite the cutting-edge manipulative tactics and tricks of many authoritarian regimes, they are not immune from what is perhaps the central political imperative of this century: the steadily rising demands of citizens almost everywhere for capable, effective governance. Before you read the article, you should skim it first. Democratic Authoritarianism: Origins and Effects | Annual Review of The democratic elections of Weimar Germany were idealistic, as they allowed representation of a wide cross-section of society in the Government. [2017] 2023 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. (Nov 06), To what extent was the rise to power of either Hitler or Mao due to personal appeal and ability? In Iran, in late February as the coronavirus began spreading through the country, Shia clerics vociferously resisted government demands that major shrines be closedan encapsulation of the power of the countrys religious establishment. 'Elsewhere these groups [like the Nazis] could have been ignored and allowed to die out. First he attacked the Greek island of Corfu. Discuss with reference to two authoritarian states (15) Economic factors play a major role in any nation and as authoritarian states rise and fall throughout Economic conditions stabilized for a few years, then the worldwide depression hit in 1929. Some in this boat have reacted by prematurely lifting initially tough lockdown measures. The Path to Nazi Genocide, NARRATOR: How successful was it? More than one third of all German men aged 19 to 22 were killed. This topic focuses on exploring the conditions that facilitated the rise of authoritarian states in the 20th century, as well as the methods used by parties and leaders to take and maintain power. What impact did this have? PDF Unit Four: The Rise and Rule of Single Party States - WordPress.com The first world war, from 1914 to 1918, was fought throughout Europe and beyond. Millions of veterans were crippled in body and in spirit. Four key weaknesses are manifest. The Italian, German, Japanese, and Soviet authoritarian efforts in the 1920s and 1930s had their differences. (May 2007, May 2005), It was personality and not circumstances that brought rulers of single-party states to power. To what extent do you agree with this statement? One must govern well, and for good government one must also practice good propaganda. PDF Building Civil Society In Authoritarian China Importance Of Leadership In late March, as case rates and fatalities soared across Europe, President Alexander Lukashenko of Belarus dismissed a reporters concerns about the spread of the virus in his own country: There are no viruses here. However, he was not a, A poor harvest in 1931-32 was made worse by Soviet economic policies. HITLER [speaking German]: Adolf Hitler was not elected to office and he did not have to seize power. The projection of national power overseas resonated with many Italians. But this challenge is especially difficult for governments that do not enjoy the legitimacy that comes from winning free and fair elections and that instead rely heavily on economic performance as their primary source of popular legitimacy. One senior EU diplomat said the EU needed to do better in handling relations with China and find a unified line. His military leaders used chemical weapons, forced starvation, concentration camps, and mass resettlement of African Libyans to make space for Italian settlers. Compare and contrast the methods used to maintain power in two authoritarian states, each from a different region. Angry at the growing resistance, Japanese troops killed as many as 300,000 civilians. Winston Churchill said the war left a crippled, broken world., TEXT ON SCREEN: In recent months, countries such as Algeria, Azerbaijan, Cambodia, Russia, Thailand, and Uzbekistan have passed so-called fake news laws related to the pandemic that criminalize criticisms of their governments responses to the public health emergency or even reporting of pandemic conditions that does not match the governments preferred narratives. 82 - How did Castro establish his government, and what challenges arose? A new and unfamiliar democratic form of governmentthe Weimar Republicreplaced the authoritarian empire and immediately faced daunting challenges. Advances in the technology of killing included the use of poison gas. (May 10 TZ2), In what ways, and to what extent, was propaganda important in the rise and rule of Hitler? INTRODUCTION. Standards of behavior were changing. 99-100 - What was the 'Special Period' and why did it result from this? - Outline Castro's health and education policies. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. They believed Japan had a superior culture, and could rule other Asians better than the European empires had. The Rise of Democratic and Authoritarian POST - States: the Case of 94-5. GOEBBELS [speaking German]: The mixed record of authoritarians responses to the coronavirus undercuts any simple conclusion that the pandemic will bolster authoritarianism globally over the long term. One example is the Holocaust during the Second World War. Still, Fascism in Italy was not without racism. Some have, in fact, exhibited valuable decisiveness and clarity when confronted with the coronavirus. The leaders of Tajikistan and Turkmenistan both responded to the arrival of the virus by outright denying its presence in their countries.